ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the correlation between amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) values and Ki-67 labeling index of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:From October 2017 to December 2018, 24 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ] were prospectively enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and underwent pelvic morphological MRI on a 3.0 T MR scanner, including three-dimensional turbo-spin-echo APTw imaging and DWI. The maximum diameters of the lesions, APTw values and ADC values on the slice with the maximum diameter of the lesion were independently measured by two radiologists. The ICC was computed to evaluate the inter-observer consistency. Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression status was assessed by one pathologist. The Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the APTw values, maximum diameters, ADC values and Ki-67 labeling index.Results:The APTw values of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were (2.9±0.5)%. Inter-observer ICC was 0.972 (95%CI 0.937-0.988). The APTw values were positively moderately correlated with Ki-67 labeling index [(61.9±18.7)%, r=0.532, P=0.008]. The maximum diameters of the lesions were (28.7±10.6) mm. The mean ADC values were (0.998±0.217)×10 -3 mm 2/s. No correlations were found between maximum diameters, ADC values and Ki-67 labeling index ( r=0.038, P=0.859; r=0.238, P=0.263). Conclusion:APTw values can partially reveal the proliferation status of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the application value of 3.0 T MultiVane XD (MVXD) technique in female patients with uterine adenomyosis and fibroids.Methods:Patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids with ultrasound and suspected of adenomyosis were involved prospectively from March to May 2018, 3.0 T pelvic MRI examinations were performed during peri-ovulatory period. Axialconventional turbo spin echo (TSE) T 2WI, axial MVXD T 2WI, sagittal conventional TSE T 2WI and MVXD sagittal T 2WI were acquired. Two observers rated those 4 series in the aspects of sharpness of uterine border, motion artifacts, identification capability of lesions, confidence of diagnosis and overall image quality. Cohen Kappa analysis was used to evaluate the consistency of scores between 2 observers. Scores of TSE T 2WI and MVXD T 2WI qualities were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. Results:Twenty patients were enrolled. Axial conventional TSE T 2WI, axial MVXD T 2WI were aquired on all of them. Sagittal conventional TSE T 2WI, sagittal MVXD T 2WI were aquired on 19 among them. Nine patients had only obvious adenomyosis, 6 had only uterinefibroids, and 5 had adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. Compared to conventional TSE technique, scores of two observers in the sharpness of uterine border, motion artifacts, and overall image quality is higher by MVXD with significant difference ( P<0.05). The Kappa values for image quality scores of two observers ranged from 0.615 to 0.971, the agreement was good or very good. Conclusion:Applying MVXD T 2WI technique to patients with uterine fibroids and adenomyosiscould improve image quality, without sacrificing the ability to recognize and diagnose lesions, compared to conventional TSE T 2WI technique.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the application value of 3.0 T MultiVane XD (MVXD) technique in female patients with uterine adenomyosis and fibroids.@*Methods@#Patients diagnosed with uterine fibroids with ultrasound and suspected of adenomyosis were involved prospectively from March to May 2018, 3.0 T pelvic MRI examinations were performed during peri-ovulatory period. Axialconventional turbo spin echo (TSE) T2WI, axial MVXD T2WI, sagittal conventional TSE T2WI and MVXD sagittal T2WI were acquired. Two observers rated those 4 series in the aspects of sharpness of uterine border, motion artifacts, identification capability of lesions, confidence of diagnosis and overall image quality. Cohen Kappa analysis was used to evaluate the consistency of scores between 2 observers. Scores of TSE T2WI and MVXD T2WI qualities were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test.@*Results@#Twenty patients were enrolled. Axial conventional TSE T2WI, axial MVXD T2WI were aquired on all of them. Sagittal conventional TSE T2WI, sagittal MVXD T2WI were aquired on 19 among them. Nine patients had only obvious adenomyosis, 6 had only uterinefibroids, and 5 had adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. Compared to conventional TSE technique, scores of two observers in the sharpness of uterine border, motion artifacts, and overall image quality is higher by MVXD with significant difference (P<0.05). The Kappa values for image quality scores of two observers ranged from 0.615 to 0.971, the agreement was good or very good.@*Conclusion@#Applying MVXD T2WI technique to patients with uterine fibroids and adenomyosiscould improve image quality, without sacrificing the ability to recognize and diagnose lesions, compared to conventional TSE T2WI technique.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the application value of pH sensitive manganese-loaded caramelized carbonaceous nanospheres (Mn-CNS) in the synchronous MRI and photothermal therapy for breast cancer. Methods Anhydrous glucose was used as carbon source to prepare caramelized carbonaceous nanospheres(CNS).Mn2 +was absorbed and bonded to its surface to obtain the Mn-CNS.The MR signal values of aqueous solutions of Mn-CNS under different pH(pH=7.4,6.0,5.0)with different Mn2+concentrations(0,0.14,0.28,0.57,1.14 and 2.28 mmol/L)were measured to obtain the relaxation rate.The cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to determine the effect of Mn-CNS on the viability of 4T1 cells. Pathological examination was used to evaluate the systemic toxicity. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to analyze Mn uptake by different cell lines (human breast cancer cells MCF-7, human normal mammary epithelial cells MCF-10A and human macrophages cells). The 4T1 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were divided randomly into four groups (6 mice per group): (1) normal saline (intratumoral injection)plus near infrared laser(NIR);(2)normal saline(intravenous injection)plus NIR;(3) Mn-CNS(intratumoral injection)plus NIR;(4)Mn-CNS(intravenous injection)plus NIR.After intratumoral injection for 30 min and intravenous injection for 12 h,the tumors were continuously irradiated with 808 nm laser for 10 min,the temperature changes and relative tumor volume were recorded.The MRI was obtained at different time point(pre-injection and post-injection at 15 min,30 min,1 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,4 d, respectively)with the dose of Mn-CNS(4 mg Mn/kg)by intravenous injection.The changes of Mn2+content before and after Mn-CNS incubation and the tumor volume differences among each group were compared by t test.Results The values of r1were 0.18 L·mmol-1·s-1(pH 5.0),3.48 L·mmol-1·s-1(pH 6.0)and 5.42 L· mmol- 1·s- 1(pH 7.4), respectively. The cells viability of 4T1 were all above 90 % when the cells were incubated with Mn-CNS at different concentrations (25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/ml). MCF-7 and human macrophages cells were ingested Mn2+.The Mn2+amount before and after uptake were significant difference(P<0.05).The MCF-10A had a slight uptake of Mn2+which was not statistically significant(P>0.05).After 10 minutes of the laser exposure (2 w/cm2), the change of temperature with tumor among different groups were shown as follow:Mn-CNS(intratumoral injection)>Mn-CNS(intravenous injection)>normal saline(intravenous injection)>normal saline (intratumoral injection). After photothermal therapy, the relative tumor volumes of Mn-CNS (intratumoral injection)and normal saline(intratumoral injection)were statistically different(t=-2.724,P<0.05). Meanwhile,the relative tumor volumes also showsd significant difference among Mn-CNS(intravenous injection) and normal saline (inject intravenous injection) groups (t=-5.193,P<0.05). After intravenous injection of Mn-CNS in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, the signal intensity of T1gradually increased and reached the peak of enhancement at 4 h after which the signal intensity remained stable and decreased slightly at 12 h,then gradually decreased to normal. The T1signal intensity of kidney was consistent with that of the tumor and higher. Meanwhile, the degree of liver tissue enhancement was the lowest. Conclusions Mn-CNS is highly biocompatible and self-degradable,it can targeted MRI and achieve precise photothermal therapy simultaneously, which is of great value in the integrated diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the differences of CT features for different subtypes of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs).Methods CT imaging data of 41 patients with PNETs and 5 patients of lung cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively,and the differences in CT features among pathological subtypes were explored. Results Among the pathological subtypes of 41 PNETs,the statistical differences in the CT features including vascular invasion,the metastatic lymphadenopathy in the hilus and mediastinum were found(P<0.05).However,no differences were found in other imaging findings (lesion location,spiculation,bronchial invasion,atelectasis and obstructive pneumonia,and pleural effusion or thickening)among the subtypes (P>0.05).Among those subtypes PNETs and lung cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation,the differences in tumor size,vascular invasion,and metastatic lymphadenopathy in the hilus and mediastinum were also found (P<0.05).However,no differences were found in other imaging findings (P>0.05).In addition,there were differences in tumor size among different enhancement types and different metastastic presences in the lung or outside of the chest (P<0.05).Conclusion CT shows certain differences among the different subtypes of PNETs,which may be helpful for the differential diagnosis but not specific.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the fibrotic stroma characteristics of orthotopic liver cancer in rat and the relationship with MR delayed contrast enhancement.Methods 4 Wistar rats with orthotopic liver cancer underwent conventional triphasal and longer-de-layed contrast-enhancement MR scanning.12 HCC specimens obtained from the four Wistar rats were sliced and stained with HE, picric-sirius red,Verhoeff Van-Gieson elastic fiber,Gordon-Sweets reticular fiber and anti-α-SMA immunohistochemical staining.The relationshp between intratumoral fibrotic stroma and MR delayed phases of the 1 2 tumors were analyzed.Results Collagen fiber was expressed mainly in tumor fibrous septum.Elastic fiber distributed in tumor fibrous septum and the artery wall.Reticular fiber dis-tributed in fibrous septum of the regenerative nodules,portal area and tumor psuedocapsule.Integrated optical density (IOD)value of collagen fiber,elastic fiber and reticular fiber analyzed by Image-pro Plus6.0 were 0.102±0.020,0.063±0.018 and 0.109±0.032, respectively.As a result,the amount of collagen and elastic fibers were statistically different (P<0.01),and so were reticular fibers and elastic fibers (P<0.01).And there was a positive correlation between collagen fiber and MR delayed contrast enhancement (P<0.05).Conclusion MR delayed contrast enhancement of hepatic cancer in rat is closely associated with the collagen fiber,thus this fiber in liver cancer can be evaluated noninvasively by MRI.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the significance of modified gold nanocages ( GNCs ) in photothermal therapy and radiosensitivity enhancement for murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells.Methods A molecule probe, CD44-PEG-GNCs, was constructed on the basis of GNCs.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) were used to analyze Au uptake by 4T1 cells.The cell counting kit-8( CCK-8) assay was used to determine the impact of the probe on the viability of 4T1 cells.The CCK-8 assay and the Hoechst/PI double staining were used to evaluate the photothermal killing effects of near infrared laser (NIR).The colony forming assay and the Hoechst/PI double staining were used to measure the viability of 4T1 cells after irradiation with 6 MV of X-ray.Results ICP-MS and TEM showed that 4T1 cells had an uptake of a large number of GNCs, in which the number of CD44-PEG-GNCs taken up by 4T1 was 3-4 times larger than that of PEG-GNCs.The cell toxicity assay revealed that in a certain range of concentration, GNCs showed little effect on the viability of 4T1 cells, which was reduced to 81.2%in 48 hours.The CCK-8 assay, the Hoechst/PI double staining, and the colony forming assay showed that after NIR irradiation and radiotherapy, large-scale apoptosis was induced in CD44-PEG-GNCs-contained tumor cells by photothermal therapy combined with radiotherapy, which had substantially better outcomes than other groups.Conclusions The GNC-based molecular probe actively targets 4T1 cells with little cytotoxicity, indicating that it enhances the sensitivity of tumor towards photothermal therapy and radiotherapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the management model of chronic disease like myocardial infarction through the effect of collaborative work pattern of doctors and nurses on acute myocardial infarction patients with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) after 1 year follow up.Methods A total of 852 patients from October 1,2011 to September 30,2013 with collaborative work pattern of doctors and nurses were as collaborative work pattern group,and 734 patients without collaborative work pattern of doctors and nurses at the same time were as control group.The patients were followed up for 1 year.The differences of treatment compliance,risk factors control,and the incidence of cardiovasc~ar events were compared between collaborative work pattern group and control group.Results The improvement of treatment compliance in collaborative work pattern group was better than that in control group.The improvement rate of improve lifestyle initiatively,completely medication,check regularly were 83.3％(710/852),97.9％(834/852),75.4％(642/852) in collaborative work pattern group and 63.5％(466/734),93.7％(688/734),59.0％(433/734) in control group,x2=81.02,17.57,26.22,P＜0.01.The control rate of risk factors including hypertension,diabetic mellitus,high blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol were 78.5％ (252/321),68.4％ (214/313),84.8％ (491/579) in collaborative work pattern group and 55.8％ (168/301),58.1％ (168/289),79.9％ (381/477) in control group,x2=36.47,6.79,4.41,P＜0.01 or ＜0.05.The incidence of treatment compliance and total cardiovascular events in collaborative work pattern group were better than those in control group.There were significant differences in the above indices,P＜0.05.Conclusions Collaborative work pattern of doctors and nurses is an effective method and supplement for patients with myocardial infarction after PCI to improve treatment compliance and control risk factors.The prognosis of patients can be improved and this pattern is an effective exploration of chronic disease management.
ABSTRACT
Pulmonary rehabilitation has been shown to be effective in reducing dyspnea and improving exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in people with COPD.COPD patients with varying severity can benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation which includes exercise training,inspiratory muscle training and nutritional intervention,et al.Exercise training is the basis of pulmonary rehabilitation.In the last decade,new strategies have been developed to enhance the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation,which include promoting exercise and activity,education and self-management,psychosocial intervention.Although pulmonary rehabilitation has traditionally been provided in stable COPD patients,pulmonary rehabilitation could be started as soon as infection is controlled for AECOPD patients.As pulmonary rehabilitation is administrated,the patients should be encouraged to do exercise as much as possible with different kind of training.